Process and apparatus for forming hollow castings



E. M. WiNTER. PROCESS AND APPARATUS-EOE FORMING HOLLOW CASTINGS.

APELIcATmNJILEDsEPT.4, 1919. v I 1,362,978. .'Pate11ted'1)ec.21,1920.

UNITED STATES PATENT 'OFFICE. 1

EDWIN M. WINTER, or BRooKLYN, NEW from;

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING HoLrow QAS To all who'mz't may concern 1/ Be'it known that I, EDWIN M. WINTER, a

citizen of the United States, residing in borough of Brooklyn, in the county of -Kings and State of New York, have invent ed certain new and useful Improvements in Processes and Apparatus for Form ng Hollow Castings, of which the following is a specification. a I

My process and apparatus'for forming hollow castings relates to a process or method which consists in compressing the metal or other material'to fill the die and withdrawing superfluous material or metal from the die to form the casting from the I residue in the die, and the apparatus by which; this process or method 1s' accomplished.

A. :principal feature of my process or method consists in forcing material, or metal in molten or suitable form, into a die by compression-ofithe material or metal, and

withdrawing superfluous material or metal ing consequent-from the compression which forced the material or metal into the die.

A further feature of my process or meth od consists in'restricting or controlllng to a predetermined degree the flowof material ,or metal "when forcedinto the die by compression, and in restricting or controlling to a predetermined degreethe withdrawal of the superfluous material or metal from the die by suction consequent from said compression.

in process or method I employ a novel and peculiar apparatus, a preferred embodiment of whichv is illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1, is a top or plan view of such apparatus; Q l I i Fig. 2,. i's a-side elevation of such apparatus, partly in central vertical longitudinal section. jf Fig. .3, is a View of such apparatus on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2, l ooking in the direction of the arrows.

Similar letters or numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Reference being had to the foregoing drawings, the "said apparatus comprises the container or pot A, which may be made of any suitable metal or material, capable when desirable of withstanding heat or flame applied thereto. The container or pot A is in or metal in molten or able means, being arranged to prevent leakage at the points of connection.

The port or aperture 11, afiords a means for communication between pot A and the cylinder 0, the port or aper ture 11 being placed slightl T below the normal surface level, such as a, of the mold materlal or metal. in the container or pot A.

The piston or plunger P is provided for the'cylinder C, and arranged to afford compression within the cylinder C.

The lever arm L is pivotally secured to the outer side of the casing of the container or pot A in any suitable manner, and is operatively attached,as at b, Fig. 2, about midway of its length, to the piston or plunger P. 1 The conduit or duct D isattached at one end to the bottom of the cylinder C, and is received at its other end in. the bracket. 12 which has a bore 13, the bracket 12 being secured to the inner side of the casing of the container or pot A by bolts-or other suitable means. 7 which is continuous of the bore 13 of the bracket 12, is seated at 15 in the bracket 12' by threaded or other suitable means which provides for preventidn of 'leaka e at the points of connection. The-nozzle has an enlargement 16 near its upper end, the upper end 17 of the nozzle N being diminished'to substantially the diameter and bore of the lower end 15 of the nozzle. The end 17 of the nozzle N extends through the casing of the container or pot A, and in such suitable manner as to prevent leakage from the container or pot The bushing B is received in the casing of the container or pot A adjacent to the lower end of the bore 13 of the bracket 12, being secured to the casing and" to the bracket 12, by threaded or other suitable means and packed or otherwise suitably arranged to prevent leaka e at the points of connection. The bushing is bored to form The nozzle N having a bore 14..

' Specification of Letters Patent. Pate t d D 21 .1920 Application filed September 4, 1 19. Serial No. 321,523. 7 i 9 the container or a perforation to receive ina liquid-tight manner and frictionally hold a restrictingor controlling rod R, having ,a nose 18, which nose is locatable in the enlargement 16 of the nozzle N, and adapted for upward or downward movement by'movement of the rod R by means of a handle H or other suitis removably 'tamer or pot I substantially on a able manipulatingmeans which is arranged ries a mold or die 21 in such posltion thatthe filler end hereof is in operative communication wi h the-bore ofthe upper end 17 of the nozzle N when the die carrier S secured or latched to the coli- A by the latch ends 22, which engage the bar 23 on the casing of the container or pot A. The die carrier S is'divi'ded or split as at of the die carrier to place a die therein or remove a die therefrom, the die also being divided or split to permit opening thereof to uncor'ver the mold formed therein. The die carrier S isretained in closed position latches 25, or other suitable means, and is provided with an'arm 26, for lifting or removing thedie carrier. :TT

,My process or method is carried'into operation as follows The container or pot .A- is filledwith the requisite material or metalto a desired surfacelevel such as a, the piston or plunger B being in upward position, the bottom there of being above ,the "port or aperture 11 and face lever on, of the material or metal. .The material or metal passing through the port or aperture 11 enters the cylinder C and is thence conveyed by. the conduit or duct -D to the nozzle N, the material or metal hav ing the same surface level in the container or pot A, conduit or duct D, and nozzle N.

ger P,.after the prior The die carrier S with a die 21,'being in such position that thefiller end of the die is in direct communication with the bore of the extended end 17 of the nozzle N, downward movement of the piston or plunger P closes the port or aperture 11 and compresses the material or metal in the cylinder C, conduit or .duct D, and hozzle N, and forces the material or metal into the die 21.

Upward movement thereof, withdraws material or metal from die 21 leaving in the face thereof which cooled and hardened first, thus forming a hollow casting. Adjusting movement of the trolling rod R locates the nose 1-8 at different distances from the upper line of the enlargement 16; and the nose 18 so restricts or 24;, Fig 2, to permit opening line with the normal s'ur of the piston for plundownward movement restricting or conreeaeve controls the withdrawal of the mold materi'al or metal from the die 21 by suction, that considerable variations of force exerted upon the plunger P, above a normal amount, have practically no tendency to hasten or retard the withdrawal of the material. The nose 18 is set'at the location that gives the best speed for the kind of material or metal used and the form or class of casting desired, after which little attention need be given to the amount of forceused by the operator for operating the plunger P While I have described and shown a sin-. gle assembly of plunger and parts coacting ranged to provide foranydesired number of assemblies of plungers coacting parts,

' so that any desired number of castings can be formed at the sametime-by the process' and apparatus. e

I claim: I

1. A process, for forming castings comprising introducing material into a die; withdrawing a part of the material from the die; and restricting the introduction and withdrawal of the material in proportion- I to the material used.

2. 'A process for forming castings comprising introducing material into a die; withdrawing a part of the material from the die before the interior thereof has hardened; and automatically and adj ustably restricting by constriction the introduction and withdrawal of the material in proportion to the volume of material used for rendering the speed of such withdrawal andintroduction practically independent of the force exerted in effecting them.

3. A process for forming castings consisting in introducing material into a die; withdrawing a part of the material from the die, a portion beingpermitted to harden therein; restricting the withdrawal of the material for rendering the speed of such withdrawal practically independent. of the force causing such withdrawal'ai'said'restricting automatically holdingthe material in the die long enough for the outer part ofv the casting to harden but permitting the withdrawing a part of the material from the die before .the interior thereof .has hargened' so that a hollow Easting is left in the 4. A process'for forming castings consisting'in forcing mobile material into, a die; adjusta'bly and automatically restripting by constriction the introduction of the material in proportion to the volume of material used for rendering the. speed of such introduction practically independent of the force exerted in said forcing; withdrawing a part of the material from the die by suction before the interior thereof has hardened so thata hollow casting is left in the the material,

'largement adapted said nozzle.

, said die,

die; and adjustably and automatically restricting by constriction the withdrawal of a diemobile material for forming a casting and holding 'the material in the die long' enough for the outer harden and withdrawing the materialfrom part of the casting to the die before the interior thereof has har denedso that a hollow casting the die; and adjustable restrictin restricting by constriction the introduction and withdrawal of the material from the die for rendering or introduction the force exerted in .said forcing and suction, e

- 6.-In combination,

a die; a nozzle having,

one end communicating with said die, and an.

intermediate enlargement; a nose insaid enthereof; and means for forcing material into 7. In combination, 7 a closed end, an end communicating with and an intermediate enlargement;

. a rod passing in a liquid-tightmanner into said nozzle and ,a'djust'ably heldtherein, and said enlargement provided with a nose in adapted to be disposed different distances from the center thereof;

said nose and said closed end.

8. In combination, a container; a die; a

nozzle having one end closed and the other communicating with said die, the intermediate part of the nozzle being provided with an enlargement; a rod passing in a l1qu1d-t1ght manner through said closed end and adjust ably held therein, and provided at its inner end witha nose ferent distances from the center'of saidv'enlargement; a handle on the outer end of the rod exterior to the container; means in said container for forcing material into the nozzle' between said nose and the closed end. I

9. In combination, material provided with v an opening therein; a bracket fixed over said opening and provided with a bore; a die; a nozzle having one end communicating with the inner end of said bore and the other end communicating with said die; the intermediate part of the nozzle being provided with an enlargement; a bushing in the outer end of said bore and proportion t'oah volume'of: material used: for rendering "the speed-of Y communicating .municating with said bore.

the speed of such withdrawalpractically independent of to be adjustably held disposed different distances from the centera die a nozzle having 11. In combination,

d means for ining material into, a mold by pressure, and

- troducing material into said nozzle between adapted to be disposed dif- 1 a container for mobile said opening and provided with a perforation coaxial with the through said nozzle; a rod passing perforation. and held therein, and provided at its inner end with a nose'adapted-tobe disposed different distances from the centerof said enlargement and having a d ameter nearly as great "as the inter ordiametejr of the nozzle; a handle on the outerjend der 1n said container and 'havlng an aperture with said material and com- 10. In combination, a container for mobile material andprovided with an in the lower part thereof; a bracket fixed overysaid' opening and provided with a bore;

' having one end communicaty-in'g with theinner end of said bore and the le means 1' a dle; a nozzle other end communicating with said die; the intermediate part of the nozzlebeingprovided "with an twice the diameter of the nozzle; a bushing in the outer end nozzle; a rod passingin a a nose adapted to be disposed diiferent disenlargement having over of said bore and said open-' ing and provided with a perforation coaxial with the liquid-tight mannergthrough tion and slidably frictionally adjustably held therein, and provided at its inner end with p adj ustably of the rod; anda cylinopening 9 said perforaand having 'a diameter nearly as great as the interior diameter of the nozzle; a handle on the outer end ofthe rod; a cylinder in said container and havi eating with {said material; a plunger in the g an aperture communicylinder; means for operating the plunger;

and means for establishing communication between the cylinder and an intermediate part of said here.

13. In combination, means for introduc ing material into a part of it from the stricting means res and withdrawal. a v

14. In combination, means for; forcing material into a mold and withdrawing a 'part of it from the mold before the interior thereof has hardened sothat a hollow cast:

mold and withdrawing mold, and adjustable rerlct ng such introduction ing is left in the mold; and adjustable restricting means restricting the introduction of the material into the mold.

15. In combination, man-operated means for forcing material into a mold and withmeans for introducmeans for intro du'cing" withdrawal ofthe material from the mold.

16." In combination, a mold; a nozzle co mmunicating with said mold; means for 1ntroducing casting material into said nozzle; and means in the nozzle for restricting the flow of said material therethrough; said nozzle having an enlarged portion provided with constricted ends, and said last mentioned means being'movable in saidfenlargement to position for cooperating with said constricted ends for restricting the flow ofsaid material through the nozzle.

.17. In combination, a mold;'a' nozzle comv municating with said .mold; means for introducing casting materialinto said nozzle;

and adjustable means in the nozzlefor restricting the flow through; said nozzle having an enlarged portion provided with constricted ends, and

said last mentioned means being movable in said enlar ement to position for cooperating with said constricted ends for restrictingthe -fiow of said material through the nozzle.

18.. In combination, a mold ;a nozzle commnnicatingwith 'said mold; means formand troducing material into said nozzle; means within the nozzle and spaced from the walls thereof for restricting the fiowof material therethroug'h.

constricted ends restricting through said nozzle.

ing by pressure nozzle and mold,

of said'material there 19. In combination, a mold; a nozzle commumcatlng with sa d mold; means for 1ntroducmg castlng material into said nozzle and mold, and withdrawing casting material from said mold and. nozzle; and means in the nozzle for restricting passage-of casting material therethrough; said'nozzle having an enlarged portion forming a chamber with and said last mentioned means being locatable in said chamber, for cooperating the fiow of casting material 20. In combination,- a mold; a nozzle communicating with said mold; means for forccasting material into said and withdrawing casting material from said mold and nozzle by suction;'and

with said constricted ends for means in the nozzle for restricting the passage of casting material there-Q through; said nozzle having an'enlarged portion forming a chamber with constricted ends, and. said last mentioned'means being located 'insaid chamber for cooperating withsaid constricted ends for-restricting the flow of casting material through saidnozzle when said flow: is caused either by pressure or by jsuction.w,;.;

Witnesses FREDERICK T. SAKS, H. D. PENNEY.

EDWIN M.]WINTER. 7 

